第一篇:《英语论文开题报告范文例文》
英语论文开题报告范文例文
论文题目the Application and Innovation of Gothicism in Wuthering
Heights
一、选题的意义和研究现状
1．选题的目的、理论意义和现实意义
长时期以来, 人们视艾米莉•勃朗特为英国文学中的―斯芬克斯‖。关于她本人和她的作品都有很多难解之谜, 许多评论家从不同的角度、采用不同的方法去研究, 得出了不同的结论, 因而往往是旧谜刚解, 新谜又出, 解谜热潮似永无休止。 本文立足于欧美文学中的哥特传统研究《呼啸山庄》的创作源泉, 指出艾米莉•
勃朗特在主题、人物形象、环境刻画、意象及情节构造等方面都借鉴了哥特传统, 同时凭借其超乎寻常的想象力, 将现实与超现实融为一体, 给陈旧的形式注入了激烈情感、心理深度和新鲜活力, 达到了哥特形式与激情内容的完美统一, 使《呼啸山庄》既超越了哥特体裁的―黑色浪漫主义‖, 又超越了维多利亚时代的―现实主义‖, 从而展现出独具一格、经久不衰的艺术魅力。
2．与选题相关的国内外研究和发展概况
各民族的文学中都有许多惊险、恐怖的故事, 但似乎没有哪一种文学像英美文学那样不仅创作出数量众多、质量优秀的恐怖文学作品, 而且还形成了一个持续发展、影响广泛的哥特传统( Gothic tradition) 。哥特文学现在已经成为英美文学研究中的一个重要领域。对哥特文学的认真研究开始于20 世纪二三十年代, 到70 年代以后, 由于新的学术思潮和文学批评观念的影响, 该研究出现了前所未有而且日趋高涨的热潮。根据在国际互联网上的搜索, 到2000 年9月为止, 英美等国的学者除发表了大量关于哥特文学的论文外, 还至少出版专著达184部, 其中1970 年以后为126 部, 仅90 年代就达59 部, 几乎占总数的三分之
一。当然,近年来哥特文学研究的状况不仅在于研究成果迅速增加, 更重要的是它在深度和广度方面都大为拓展, 并且把哥特传统同英美乃至欧洲的历史、社会、文化和文学的总体发展结合起来。
二、研究方案
1．研究的基本内容及预期的结果（大纲）
研究的基本内容:本文立足于欧美文学中的哥特传统研究《呼啸山庄》的创作源泉, 指出艾米莉•
勃朗特在主题、人物形象、环境刻画、意象及情节构造等方面都借鉴了哥特传统, 同时凭借其超乎寻常的想象力, 将现实与超现实融为一体, 给陈旧的形式注入了激烈情感、心理深度和新鲜活力, 达到了哥特形式与激情内容的完美统一, 使《呼啸山庄》既超越了哥特体裁的―黑色浪漫主义‖, 又超越了维多利亚时代的―现实主义‖, 从而展现出独具一格、经久不衰的艺术魅力。
预期的结果（大纲）:
1．A Survey of Gothic
1.1 Definition of Gothic
1.2 the Origin of Gothic Novels
1.2.1 Historical Reasons
1.2.1.1 Folklore in Germantic Nationality
1.2.1.2 Drama in the Renaissance
1.2.1.3 the Bible and Legends in Christianity
1.2.2 Development of the Novel Itself
1.2.2.1 Challenge of Romanticism to Rationalism
1.2.2.2 Sublime and Beautiful
2. Emily‘s Gothic Heritage
2.1 Theme
2.1.1 Good and Evil
2.1.2 Revenge
2.2 Characters Description
2.2.1 Villain-hero
2.2.2 Delicate Young Girl
2.3 Atmosphere, Environment and Plot
2.3.1 Terror
2.3.2 Mystery
2.3.3 Supernatural
3.Emily‘s Gothic Innovation
3.1 Combination of romanticism and Realism
3.1.1 Change of the Background
3.1.2 Use of Symbolism
3.1.3 Stream of Consciousness
3.1.4 Illusion and Subconsciousness
3.2. Description of Figure Emotion and Psychology
Reference
2．拟采用的研究方法
主要有资料查找、理论探讨研究、阅读法
3.研究所需条件和可能存在的问题
研究所需条件：纸张、打印设备、图书馆、互联网上获取国内外文献资料； 可能存在的问题：(1)文献不足;
(2) 由于个人的观点和能力，使对研究对象分析不够全面和深入。
三、研究进度安排、参考文献及审查意见
1．研究进度安排
（1）论文指导第一周（学期第八周）：学生完成初稿。
（2）论文指导第二周（学期第九周）：指导教师审阅论文初稿后发回修改。
（3）论文指导第三周（学期第十周）：学生交论文第二稿。
（4）论文指导第四周（学期第十一周）：指导教师审阅第二稿并发回给学生进一步修改。
（5）论文指导第五周（学期第十二周）：定稿
（6）论文指导第六周（学期第十三周）：交定稿的打印稿和电子文本。
（7）论文指导第六周（学期第十三周）：本周星期五至论文指导第七周（学期第周）星期五，指导教师和评阅教师写评语，学生做好答辩准备。
（8）论文指导第七周（学期第十四周）：星期三至论文指导第八周（学期第十五周）开展答辩工作。
2. 应收集资料及主要参考文献（不少于8条）
[1] Bronte, Charlotte. 1907. Charlotte Bronte‘s preface to the second edition, Wuthering Heights. London: J. M. Dent Sons Ltd. p. 20.
[2] Gerin, Winifred. 1971. Emily Bronte [M]. New York: Oxford University Press.
[3] Marie, Mulvey-Roberts. ed. 1998.The handbook to gothic literature [A]. New York: New York University Press. p. 83.
[4] Punter, David. 1980. The Literature of Terror [M]. London: Longman. p. 6.
[5] 方平. 1993 .希望在人间?论〈呼啸山庄〉(《呼啸山庄》译序) [M]. 上海译文出版社. 第24页.
[6] 盖斯凯尔夫人. 2000 .夏洛蒂•勃朗特传[M]. 张淑荣等译. 北京: 团结出版社. 第11?12页.
[7] 肖明翰. 2001. 英美文学中的哥特传统[J]. 外国文学评论第3期.
[8] 鲜于静. 2003. 神秘和怪诞的魅力??福克纳小说《八月之光》的哥特艺术研究[MA]. 中国学位论文全文库.
Function and Application of Descriptive Translation Studies
1 Introduction
The intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of Descriptive Translation Studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.
Since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. From then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. Among these schools is Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS).
DTS approaches translation from an empirical perspective. Translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. Therefore, translation is dealt with【英语论文开题报告】
beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.
My attention was first directed to DTS by its peculiar characteristic of
observation, description and explanation. The subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of
translation to the process of translator‘s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target
community.
The method of DTS is basically descriptive. The prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. Translation phenomena are noted down. With accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. I will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.
A convenient tool has been set up to conduct DTS. ―Norm‖ is operative at every stage of description and explanation. Function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. Translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm. The case taken in this thesis is the Chinese classic The Dream of Red Mansions. Two English versions translated respectively by Yang Hsien-yi and David Hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.
In this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, I hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of DTS.
2 Outline
2.1 Development and major concepts of DTS
In this part I will describe Holms‘ basic map of DTS and the relationship between function, process and product. I will also discuss some important
concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.
2.2 Methodolgy
I will in this part discuss the methodology of DTS before I apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.【英语论文开题报告】
2.3 DTS in contrast to other theories
A contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of DTS from other theories such as equivalence theory and the Chinese Xin Da Ya criteria. Some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.
2.4 Case study
In this part, translation of The Dream of Red Mansions (also translated as The Story of The Stone) will be under investigation in light of DTS. Translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.
2.5 Conclusion
Based on the above elaboration of DTS and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of DTS in specific study of translation. Suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.
(Note: While the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)【英语论文开题报告】
000
附录2- 引文范例(仅供参考)
―It is therefore pointless to try to make TC more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. Translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.‖(Wilss, 1982: 217) ‗―噢，这就是恐水病吧?你们贵族圈子怎么流行起这种病来啦?真够呛的!费芬斯小姐，您喝点茶大概没关系吧!‖‘(张南峰，1990：59-60)
第二篇:《英语论文—毕业论文开题报告范文》
英语论文—毕业论文开题报告范文
开题报告
下面是一篇英语论文的开题报告范文，虽然不是特别好，但也反应了开题报告的格式和写法，有一定的借鉴价值。
Function and Application of Descriptive Translation Studies 1 Introduction
The intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of Descriptive Translation Studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.
Since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. From then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. Among these schools is Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS).
DTS approaches translation from an empirical perspective. Translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. Therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.
My attention was first directed to DTS by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. The subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.
The method of DTS is basically descriptive. The prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. Translation phenomena are noted down. With accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. I will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.
A convenient tool has been set up to conduct DTS. “Norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. Function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. Translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.
The case taken in this thesis is the Chinese classic The Dream of Red Mansions. Two English versions translated respectively by Yang Hsien-yi and David Hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.
In this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, I hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of DTS.
2 Outline
2.1 Development and major concepts of DTS
In this part I will describe Holms’ basic map of DTS and the relationship between function, process and product. I will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.
2.2 Methodolgy【英语论文开题报告】
I will in this part discuss the methodology of DTS before I apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.
2.3 DTS in contrast to other theories
A contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of DTS from other theories such as equivalence theory and the Chinese Xin Da Ya criteria. Some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.
2.4 Case study
In this part, translation of The Dream of Red Mansions (also translated as The Story of The Stone) will be under investigation in light of DTS. Translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.
2.5 Conclusion
Based on the above elaboration of DTS and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of DTS in specific study of translation. Suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.
(Note: While the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)
000
附录2- 引文范例(仅供参考)
“It is therefore pointless to try to make TC more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. Translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.”(Wilss, 1982: 217)
‘“噢，这就是恐水病吧?你们贵族圈子怎么流行起这种病来啦?真够呛的!费芬斯小姐，您喝点茶大概没关系吧!”’(张南峰，1990：59-60)
附录3- 参考文献范例(仅供参考)【英语论文开题报告】
Wilss, Wolfram. The Science of Translation – Problems and Methods. Gunter Narr Verlag Tubingen,1982.
Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. New York: Prentice Hall, 1988. Delabastita, Dirk. Translating Puns: A false Opposition in Translation Studies. Target, 1991(3:2):137-152.
张南峰(译). 王尔德戏剧选. 福州：海峡文艺出版社，1990.
戴炜栋. 构建具有中国特色的英语教学“一条龙”体系，外语教学与研究，2001(5). 附录4- 封面范例(仅供参考)(中文)
对外经济贸易大学硕士学位论文
论品牌名称翻译的特殊性
专 业：
研究方向：
作 者：
导 师：
写作时间： —
对外经济贸易大学
英语学院
(英文)
School of International Studies
University of International Business and Economics
Pragmatic Strategies
in Advertising: Implicatures
Wang Ying
A thesis submitted to School of International Studies of
University of International Business and Economics
In partial fulfillment of the requirement
For the degree of Master of Arts
April 2002
Beijing, China
免费开题报告范文
论文题目：中国上市公司效绩评价体系的探讨
二、课题研究的意义
我国上市公司对我国的经济发展起到越来越重要的作用，截止2001年底，我国上市公司已达到1174家，总股本超过5050亿，其中国家股和国有法人股328亿，市价总值高达
5.55万亿元，约占国民生产总值的48%，约有股民6800万人，约占城镇人口的40%,资本市场规模越来越大。据统计，截止2001年底，我国国有控股上市公司所有者权益10547亿元，实现利润1519亿元，分别占全国国有及国有控股企业的32%和63%，国有上市公司已成为我国各行业中的龙头企业，在国有资产质量上，上市公司已成为优良资产的富区，同时上市公司也成为中国人投资的主要领域。随着我国资本市场的发展和完善，上市公司不仅会得到更大更快的发展，而且会显示出更重要的作用。但也不 可否认，在我国上市公司发展过程中，也出现了一些问题：一是上市公司整体业绩下滑，竞争力下降，据资料反映，2001年我国上市公司加权平均每股收益为0.1369元，比上年同期下降31.04%,加权平均净资产收益率为5.53%,比上年同期下降22.55%,有151家公司亏损,亏损面为12.67%，较上年又进一步扩大；二是部分上市公司内部违规现象严重，据了解，2001年有100家上市公司因各种违规问题而受到证监委和其他有关部门的查处；一些上市公司会计信息严重失真，虚增业绩，大
第三篇:《英语论文开题报告》
华东交通大学理工学院
本科生毕业论文
题 目：分 院：
专 业：
班 级：
学 号：
姓 名：
指导教师：
填表日期：开题报告 英语专业 09英语2班 20090710820231 年日
一、选题的依据及意义：
The topic is based on the comparison of pragmatic function between English and Chinese Euphemism. Euphemism is a universal phenomenon, the use of language in a more polite way people used to talk about unpleasant or embarrassing things. It is not only a socio-linguistic phenomenon, it is a cultural phenomenon. Along with social progress and development of human civilization, the euphemism is always accompanied by verbal communication process of the society as a whole, demonstrating strong verbal communication functions. As an important rhetoric means to harmonize interpersonal relationships, euphemisms are widely used in both Chinese and English verbal communication. However, in different context, euphemisms perform different pragmatic functions. Based on different pragmatic functions of euphemisms, this article aims to discuss the similarities and differences of Chinese and English euphemisms.
二、国内外研究现状及发展趋势（含文献综述）：
The research on the comparison of pragmatic function between English and Chinese Euphemism has been greatly witnessed in recent years. Back to the early 1980s of the 16th century, the British writer George Blunt's first created the word “Euphemism” and defined it as“a good or favorable interpretation of a bad word ”. Since then, the American linguist ,Menken, was together with historical and cultural background of American society to discuss the hundreds of English euphemism and the reasons for the popularity. British linguist Hugh Rawson, compilation and publication A Dictionary of Euphemisms and Other Doubletalk (1981) traces the history of euphemism, euphemism characteristics, definitions, classification, scope, and many other issues discussed extensively. The British linguist Leach, in a book of "the principle of pragmatics (Leech ', 1983) politeness principle as a euphemism to use the principle of decency, tolerance, praise, humility, agreed to sympathize with the six criteria.
From 1970s to 1980s, foreign social linguistic theory was introduced into China. The euphemism’s special social function interested the scholars which were engaged in social linguistics research. Chen Yuan in sociolinguistics (Chen Yuan, 1983), a book the provision of a special chapter to explore the euphemism, was the most detailed discussion of the
phenomenon of the euphemism works. Chen not only did the original discussion of the profound historical and socio-psychological background of the euphemism, revealed the social essence of the phenomenon of euphemism, but alsoanalyze from a large number of euphemisms phenomenon, analyzing Euphemism features and using characteristics, the euphemism has important referenced value. The next thirteen years, some scholars of the foreign language community inspired by the foreign euphemism had been published several papers. From the perspective of fuzzy theory, Wu Tieping (1989) reveals an important feature of Euphemism - ambiguity, provides an example for the use of modern linguistic theories to explain the phenomenon of euphemism. Since "the euphemism new probe (beam set-fang, 1999) further use of pragmatic theory, a more comprehensive discussion of some theoretical issues involved in euphemism.
After entering the 21st century, domestic scholars have been researching a broader scope of the study of English euphemism. Many scholars have analyzed the social function of English euphemisms, characteristics, constitute a way. Wang Xiaoping, Hu Hailan (2000) from the pragmatics point of view to discuss the causes and the use of English euphemism, and to explore the relationship between the indirect language of euphemism and Politeness Principle. Wei Yue-hong (2006), cognitive, social, and cultural factors combining study language with school, trying to pragmatics Looking at the angle of euphemism. Fang Ping to be analyzed from the perspective of language and cultural factors euphemism, indicating that the euphemism of both positive and negative aspects of social function, and that these features of language and cultural factors. Tan Yuan , application skin's semiotic theory of the emergence and development of English euphemism. The perspective from the skin's symbol Analysis of English Euphemism is a euphemism from a new perspective for understanding, but also on the skin's semiotic theory of practice.
In summary, domestic and foreign scholars in recent years have done many researches on euphemism , many scholars have analyzed the social function of euphemism, characteristics and composition, linguistics, semantics and rhetoric of euphemism research, and have achieved important results.
三、本课题研究内容：
1. Introduce euphemism
2. Show the euphemism using in Chinese and English
3. Analyze the comparative analysis of pragmatic function between English and Chinese euphemism
四、本课题研究方案：
1. Show the similarities and differences between English and Chinese euphemism
2. Make us clear know more about euphemism in Chinese and English is good for our daily life
五、研究目标、主要特色及工作进度：
Goal of Research: the purpose of this paper is to understand euphemism more deeply and use【英语论文开题报告】
euphemism more properly
Main features: descriptive and analytical
Timeline:
1．下达任务书，收集资料 11/05/2011
2．完成开题报告 11/15/2011
3．完成论文大纲 12/15/2011
4．完成初稿 01/15/2012
5．完成定稿 05/30/2012
6．完成答辩，上交论文 06/05/2012
六、参考文献：
[1] Leech, G. : Principles of Pragmatics, London: Longman, 1983
[2] 刘纯豹. 英语委婉语词典［M］. 北京：商务印书馆. 2001
[3]戴运红.英汉委婉语的对比分析[J].科技信息，2011（10）
[4]高丽萍.文化内涵与英汉委婉语[J].太原理工大学学报，2001（2）
[5]曾征.英汉委婉语对比分析语用视角[J].吉林省教育学院学报，2010（2）
[6]王松年.委婉语的社会语言研究[J].外语教学，2007（2）
[7]张琴.浅析常用委婉语的文化差异[J].科技信息，2010(6)
[8]刘泽海.英汉委婉语语用功能比较研究[J].邵阳学院学报，2008（6）
[9]刘敏.解读英语委婉语的功能[J].淮南职业技术学院学报，2009（1）
[10]郭春丽.英汉委婉语的文化差异[J].长沙大学学报，2007（4）
七、论文提纲：
Comparison of Pragmatic Function Between English and Chinese
Euphemism
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Context
1.2 Significance of the Study
1.3 Shape of the Paper
Chapter 2 A Sketch of Euphemism
2.1 The Definition of Euphemism
2.2 Categories of Euphemism
2.2.1 Traditional Euphemisms
2.2.2 Stylistic Euphemisms
Chapter 3 The Constitute Principles of English and Chinese Euphemism
3.1 Distance Principles and Relevance Principles
3.2 Politeness Principles and Self Protection Principles
Chapter 4 The Constitute Way of English and Chinese Euphemism
4.1 Pronunciation
4.2 Vocabulary
4.3 Grammar
Chapter 5 The Pragmatic Function Between English and Chinese Euphemism
5.1 Taboo-avoiding Function and Vulgarization-avoiding Function
5.2 Fault-covering-up Function and Commendation Function
5.3 Politeness-promotion Function
5.4 Sarcastic Function
第四篇:《英语论文开题报告》
四川理工学院外语学院毕业论文开题报告
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第五篇:《英语论文开题报告》
http://m.zhuodaoren.com/fanwen218982/
推荐访问:英语论文开题报告范文 英语论文开题报告模板
